Pink eye, or conjunctivitis, refers to the inflammation of the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane that covers parts of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. This condition is highly prevalent, largely due to the variety of factors that can lead to it, many of which are also quite common.

Pink eye can manifest as acute (short-term), lasting less than four weeks, or chronic (long-term), persisting for more than four weeks. It may affect one eye or both simultaneously.

How prevalent is pink eye?

Approximately 15% to 40% of individuals suffer from allergic conjunctivitis as a result of seasonal allergies. Other forms of conjunctivitis tend to be more frequent in specific age groups or during particular seasons, similar to the increased incidence of colds and flu in winter.

What are the visual signs of pink eye?

As the name suggests, pink eye can cause the sclera, or the white part of the eye, to appear pink or red. It may also lead to swollen or drooping eyelids, and it is common for there to be discharge from the affected eye.

Symptoms and Causes

What are the symptoms associated with pink eye?
Pink eye presents a range of common symptoms, many of which overlap with other eye conditions. Typical symptoms include:

– Redness in the sclera or the inner surface of the eyelids.
– Eye discharge that is often thicker than normal tears, potentially appearing yellow, green, or white, and may lead to crusting on the eyelashes or eyelids.
– A sensation of a foreign object in the eye, despite nothing being present.
– Either dry or excessively watery eyes (epiphora).
– Itching or irritation in the eyes.
– A burning sensation in the eyes.
– Occasional blurred vision.
– Sensitivity to light (photophobia).
– Swelling of the eyelids (blepharitis).
– Mild eye pain or discomfort.

What are the causes of pink eye?
Conjunctivitis can arise from numerous potential causes, which can be broadly categorized into two groups: infectious and non-infectious.