What Is Eye Herpes?

Eye herpes, medically known as HSV keratitis, is a prevalent eye infection primarily caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the same virus responsible for cold sores on the lips and around the mouth. Additionally, eye herpes can also result from the HSV-2 and herpes zoster viruses. Each year, approximately 1.5 million individuals worldwide are affected by eye herpes, making it one of the leading causes of infectious blindness in both the United States and Canada.

The virus is typically transmitted when an individual touches a cold sore and subsequently touches their eyes with contaminated fingers. Once the virus is contracted, it remains in the body for life.

Ocular herpes primarily targets the cornea, leading to symptoms such as inflammation, redness, tearing, and, in rare instances, vision impairment. Many individuals with eye herpes may be unaware of their condition, as the virus can remain dormant in the nervous system without causing any symptoms. Reactivation of the virus can occur months or even years after the initial infection. Flare-ups generally resolve on their own within one to two weeks, although many individuals may experience recurrences within a decade.

Herpetic eye infections can often be mistaken for other forms of conjunctivitis, such as bacterial or viral pink eye. It is advisable to seek evaluation from an eye care professional or physician rather than attempting to self-treat with home antibiotics, as eye herpes will not improve with antibiotics alone unless accompanied by antiviral treatment.

How Does Eye Herpes Impact the Eyes?

Eye herpes can influence various components of the eye, including:

– Eyelids
– Cornea (the transparent layer at the front of the eye)
– Retina (the light-sensitive layer of cells located at the back of the eye)
– Conjunctiva (the delicate membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids)
– Iris (the pigmented section of the eye)
– Sclera (the white outer layer of the eye)

What are the Symptoms of Eye Herpes?

Eye herpes is associated with a range of signs and symptoms, including:

– Excessive tearing
– Swollen lymph nodes near the front of the ear
– Eye irritation
– Redness
– Sores on the eye
– Watery discharge from the eye
– Light sensitivity
– Headaches and fatigue
– A sensation of something being lodged in the eye
– Blisters or rashes on the eyelids
– Diminished or blurred vision

Typically, eye herpes affects only one eye; however, it is possible for both eyes to become infected. If left untreated, eye herpes can result in corneal ulcers and scarring, potentially leading to permanent vision impairment or blindness. If you suspect you have eye herpes, it is advisable to contact Eye Fashion Optical in Waco promptly to avoid further complications.

What Triggers Eye Herpes Flare-Ups?

Significant stressors can often trigger an episode of eye herpes, including:

– Emotional stress
– Prolonged exposure to sunlight (UV rays)
– Fever
– Major surgical or dental interventions
– Refractive surgeries (such as LASIK)
– Physical trauma

Additionally, a compromised immune system can increase the likelihood of eye herpes reactivation, potentially resulting in an outbreak.

Can Eye Herpes Be Prevented?

While there is no guaranteed method to prevent an eye herpes infection—or any other type of eye infection—certain measures can help minimize your risk.

The most crucial aspect is to maintain cleanliness of your eyes and hands, especially if you have cold sores. It is also essential to refrain from touching your eyes if you or someone nearby is experiencing an outbreak.

For contact lens wearers, it is important to adhere to your eye care professional’s guidelines regarding lens maintenance. Avoid wearing them for extended periods.